Up to now, one of the most common online authentication mechanisms is based on the use of passwords. This is due mainly to its implementation simplicity, its familiarity to end-users and the ease of implementation for the online service providers.
Users are nowadays managing on average dozens of passwords, and for this reason they generally tend to choose easy-to-remember passwords, such as 123456, password, 12345678, etc. Hackers use robots that can guess thousands of typical passwords to gain access to users' data, compromise privacy and steal money from companies.
In order to counter those problems, high value services providers (such as online banks) enforce password creation policies to force users to choose strong and complex passwords.
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